Moral Decision-Making by Analogy: Generalizations versus Exemplars
نویسندگان
چکیده
Moral reasoning is important to model accurately as AI systems become ever more integrated into our lives. Moral reasoning is rapid and unconscious; analogical reasoning, which can be unconscious, is a promising approach to model moral reasoning. This paper explores the use of analogical generalizations to improve moral reasoning. Analogical reasoning has already been used successfully to model moral reasoning in the MoralDM model, but it exhaustively matches across all known cases, which is computationally intractable and cognitively implausible for human-scale knowledge bases. We investigate the performance of an extension of MoralDM to use the MAC/FAC model of analogical retrieval over three conditions, across a set of highly confusable moral scenarios.
منابع مشابه
Moral Decision-Making by Analogy: Generalizations vs. Exemplars
Moral reasoning is important to model accurately as AI systems become ever more integrated into our lives. Moral reasoning is rapid and unconscious; analogical reasoning, which can be unconscious, is a promising approach to model moral reasoning. This paper explores the use of analogical generalizations to improve moral reasoning. Analogical reasoning has already been used successfully to model...
متن کاملOrdered Weighted Averaging Operators and their Generalizations with Applications in Decision Making
The definition of ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operators and their applications in decision making are reviewed. Also, some generalizations of OWA operators are studied and then, the notion of 2-symmetric OWA operators is introduced. These generalizations are illustrated by some examples.
متن کاملAnalogy and Moral Decision Making
It is well known that analogy plays an important role in the process of decision making. However, this role has not yet been systematically examined in the domain of moral decision making. This paper investigates the role of cultural narratives in understanding novel moral situations. We examine whether the processes by which core cultural narratives are applied in people’s lives follow the pri...
متن کاملThe Importance of Moral Construal: Moral versus Non-Moral Construal Elicits Faster, More Extreme, Universal Evaluations of the Same Actions
Over the past decade, intuitionist models of morality have challenged the view that moral reasoning is the sole or even primary means by which moral judgments are made. Rather, intuitionist models posit that certain situations automatically elicit moral intuitions, which guide moral judgments. We present three experiments showing that evaluations are also susceptible to the influence of moral v...
متن کاملNORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY A Cognitive Model of Recognition-Based Moral Decision Making A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Field of Computer Science By
A Cognitive Model of Recognition-Based Moral Decision Making Morteza Dehghani The study of decision making has been dominated by economic perspectives, which model people as rational agents who carefully weigh costs and benefits and try to maximize the utility of every choice, without consideration of issues such as cultural norms, religious beliefs and moral rules. However, psychological findi...
متن کامل